Subject(s)
Autoantibodies/blood , COVID-19/blood , COVID-19/therapy , Encephalomyelitis, Acute Disseminated/blood , Encephalomyelitis, Acute Disseminated/therapy , Myelin-Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein/blood , Autoantibodies/immunology , COVID-19/complications , Child , Encephalomyelitis, Acute Disseminated/etiology , Female , Humans , Immunoglobulins, Intravenous/therapeutic use , Methylprednisolone/therapeutic use , Myelin-Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein/immunology , Plasmapheresis/methodsABSTRACT
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) usually leads to a mild infectious disease course in children, but serious complications may occur in conjunction with both acute infection and associated phenomena such as the multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C). Neurological symptoms, which have been predominantly reported in adults, range from mild headache to seizure, peripheral neuropathy, stroke, demyelinating disorders, and encephalopathy. Similar to respiratory and cardiac manifestations of COVID-19, neurological complications present differently based on age and underlying comorbidities. This review provides a concise overview of the neurological conditions seen in the context of COVID-19, as well as potential mechanisms and long-term implications of COVID-19 in the pediatric population from literature reviews and primary data collected at NewYork-Presbyterian Morgan Stanley Children's Hospital.